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Security Analysis of a Passive Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution by Considering Finite-Size Effect.

Shengjie Xu1,2, Yin Li1, Yijun Wang1

  • 1School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Finite-size effects significantly degrade passive continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) performance. Enhancing thermal state photon numbers can improve security in practical CV-QKD systems.

Keywords:
continuous-variable quantum key distributionfinite-size effectpassive

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Cryptography
  • Quantum Communication Security

Background:

  • Passive continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) offers high transmission rates.
  • Quantum state preparation in passive CV-QKD uses thermal sources without Gaussian modulations.
  • Security analysis traditionally focuses on the asymptotic regime, neglecting practical limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the security of a passive CV-QKD protocol considering finite-size effects.
  • To compare the protocol's performance in both asymptotic and finite-size regimes.
  • To investigate mitigation strategies for finite-size limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Security analysis of a passive CV-QKD protocol.
  • Consideration of both asymptotic and finite-size regimes.
  • Illustration against collective attacks in the finite-size scenario.

Main Results:

  • Finite-size effects lead to more pessimistic security performance compared to the asymptotic regime.
  • The finite-size effect significantly impacts the performance of single-mode passive CV-QKD.
  • Performance can be maintained in the finite-size regime by increasing the average photon number of thermal states.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-size effects are a critical consideration for the practical security of passive CV-QKD.
  • Passive CV-QKD security is sensitive to the number of channel uses.
  • Enhancing thermal state photon numbers is a viable strategy to improve finite-size security performance.