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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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Novel Therapies of Hepatitis B and D

Iman Waheed Khan1, Mati Ullah Dad Ullah1, Mina Choudhry1

  • 1Liver Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Microorganisms
|December 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

New therapies targeting the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) lifecycle are crucial for curing chronic Hepatitis B and D infections. This review summarizes novel agents and immunomodulatory strategies for viral clearance.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern, leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infection necessitates HBV eradication for treatment, as HDV relies on Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for replication.
  • Current therapies for chronic HBV and HDV infections offer suboptimal outcomes and do not provide a definitive cure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of HBV structure and lifecycle.
  • To discuss the limitations of existing HBV and HDV therapies.
  • To summarize emerging novel therapeutic agents for HBV and HDV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on HBV and HDV.
  • Analysis of the viral replication cycle and targets for novel therapies.
  • Categorization of investigational drugs based on their mechanism of action.

Main Results:

  • HBV and HDV infections pose significant global health challenges with limited curative treatments.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting various stages of the viral lifecycle are under development.
  • These include entry inhibitors, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) inhibitors, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), capsid assembly modulators, and nucleic acid polymers.

Conclusions:

  • Functional or complete cure of chronic HBV and HDV requires novel therapeutic agents.
  • Targeting different sites of the viral replicative cycle is essential.
  • Development of novel immunomodulatory agents is also critical for achieving viral clearance.

Keywords:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Hepatitis D virus (HDV)NRTIscapsid assembly modulatorscccDNA inhibitorsentry and exit inhibitorsimmunomodulatorsinterferonnovel therapiessiRNAs

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