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Applications Of NMR In Biology

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.

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Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Applications in Theranostics.

Gokul Paramasivam¹, Vishnu Vardhan Palem¹, Thanigaivel Sundaram¹

¹Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 24, 2021

Summary

This review explores how different dimensions of nanomaterials (0D-3D) advance nanomedicine and theranostics. Their unique properties enable enhanced diagnostics and targeted therapies, paving the way for future medical innovations.

Keywords:

CNT bottom-up approach diagnosis graphene nanocubes nanomaterials quantum dots theranostics therapy top-down approach

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Area of Science:

Nanomedicine
Materials Science
Theranostics

Background:

Nanomaterials possess unique properties making them suitable for nanomedicine applications.
Nanomaterials are classified as 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D, with examples including quantum dots, nanorods, nanosheets, and nanocubes.
Synthesis methods include top-down and bottom-up approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the state-of-the-art of different dimensions of nanomaterials used in theranostics.
To highlight the unique physicochemical properties of various nanomaterial dimensions for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
To emphasize the multifunctional advantages of nanomaterials in theranostics.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on nanomaterials in nanomedicine and theranostics.
Classification of nanomaterials based on dimensionality (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D).
Analysis of applications in diagnostics (e.g., heavy metal detection) and therapeutics (e.g., imaging modalities like PET, SPECT).

Main Results:

0D and 1D nanomaterials show high sensitivity for detecting trace heavy metals.
2D and 3D nanomaterials function as diagnostic and therapeutic agents with multifunctional capabilities.
Nanomaterials enable in-vivo drug tracking using imaging systems like PET and SPECT.

Conclusions:

Different dimensions of nanomaterials offer unique physicochemical properties for theranostic applications.
The multifunctional nature of nanomaterials provides distinct advantages in nanomedicine.
Further exploration of various nanomaterial dimensions holds significant promise for advancing nanomedicine and theranostics.