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Smoking Prevalence among Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Anaïs Besson1, Alice Tarpin1, Valentin Flaudias2
1Family Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 24, 2021
Summary
Physician smoking remains a significant public health concern, with approximately 21% of doctors smoking globally. Targeted prevention strategies are crucial, especially for medical students and family practitioners who exhibit the highest smoking rates.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Medical Practice
Background:
- Smoking represents a major global public health challenge.
- Physicians play a vital role in smoking cessation efforts, yet a portion of them continue to smoke.
- Understanding physician smoking prevalence is essential for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the global prevalence of smoking among physicians.
- To identify variations in smoking prevalence across different medical specialties, continents, and time periods.
- To explore potential influencing factors like age and sex on physician smoking rates.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases was conducted.
- Prevalence data were extracted and stratified by specialty, continent, and time.
- Meta-regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of age and sex.
Main Results:
- The overall smoking prevalence among physicians was 21% (95% CI: 20-23%), based on 246 studies and 497,081 physicians.
- Higher prevalence rates were observed in medical students (25%) and family practitioners (24%).
- Smoking rates varied geographically and decreased over time, with male physicians showing higher prevalence.
Conclusions:
- Physician smoking prevalence remains high at approximately 21%.
- Medical students and family practitioners represent key demographics for targeted smoking cessation programs.
- Implementing tailored preventive strategies for all physicians is recommended to address this public health issue.
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