[Status of infant and young child feeding using World Health Organization 2021 indicators in China]
Yuying Wang1, Xiang Si2, Dongmei Yu1
1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Insights
Infant and young child feeding in China shows suboptimal minimum dietary diversity and acceptable diet, particularly in rural areas. These findings highlight critical nutritional gaps for children aged 6-23 months.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Public Health Surveillance
- Child Development
Background:
- Optimal infant and young child feeding is crucial for child survival, growth, and development.
- Global and national indicators provide benchmarks for assessing feeding practices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feeding status of infants and young children (6-23 months) in China.
- To assess adherence to the World Health Organization's 2021 updated infant feeding indicators.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2013 China Nutrition and Health Surveillance.
- Employed a stratified multistage cluster sampling method with 9983 children aged 6-23 months.
- Analyzed feeding practices using WHO 2021 indicators and Rao-Scott Chi-square tests.
Main Results:
- Only 34.5% met minimum dietary diversity (MDD), with significant disparities between urban (over 50%) and poor rural areas (20.4%).
- Minimum meal frequency (MMF) was met by 69.2%, but significantly lower in poor rural areas (45.3%) compared to urban settings (around 80%).
- Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) was achieved by only 23.7%, with rates below 10% in poor rural areas versus 44.2% in large cities.
Conclusions:
- Minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet are suboptimal among Chinese children aged 6-23 months.
- Significant geographic disparities exist, with poor rural areas showing the lowest adherence to recommended feeding practices.
- Addressing these nutritional gaps is essential for improving child health outcomes in China.
Objective:
To describe the feeding status of infant and young child aged 6-23 months in China.
Methods:
Data was from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance among 0-5 Years Old Children and Lactating Women in 2013.Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used, and 9983 children aged 6-23 months were involved. We analyzed the infant and young child feeding practices with World Health Organization(WHO) 2021 updated indicators. Data analyses were conducted using the complex weight based on national census from National Bureau of Statistics in 2010.We used Rao-Scott Chi-square test for statistical difference.
Results:
The proportions of children aged 6-23 months meeting minimum dietary diversity(MDD) was 34.5%(95% CI 28.8%-40.2%); it was over 50% in large cities, and only 20.4% in poor rural areas. The proportions of children aged 6-23 months meeting minimum meal frequency(MMF) was 69.2%(95% CI 64.7%-73.7%); it was about 80% in large cities, medium and small cities, and only 45.3% in poor rural areas. The proportions of children aged 6-23 months meeting minimum acceptable diet(MAD)was 23.7%(95% CI 19.2%-28.2%), it was 44.2% in large cities, and less than 10% in poor rural areas. No consistent differences were observed between boys and girls for all 3 dietary indicators(MDD, MMF and MAD), and there was significant difference in different areas and various months of age(P<0.05).
Conclusion:
The minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6-23 month were not optimal in China, especially in poor rural areas.
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