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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
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Precision Medicine in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Synovial Fluid Biomarker-Based Literature Review.

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Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice
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Temporomandibular joint arterial variability.

David Faustino Ângelo1, Jonatas Nogueira2, Carolina Pinheiro3

  • 1Instituto Português da Face, Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals significant arterial variability in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region, particularly in the posterior mandible. This vascularity highlights potential surgical bleeding risks for TMJ and facial procedures.

Keywords:
3D imagingAnatomyBlood supplyRadiologyTMJ SurgeryTemporomandibular joint

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Radiology
  • Surgical Planning

Background:

  • The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex anatomical structure.
  • Understanding TMJ vasculature is crucial for surgical interventions and diagnostic imaging.
  • Previous studies have not fully detailed the arterial variability within the TMJ region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the arterial variability within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) territory.
  • To identify specific anatomical zones with high vascular density.
  • To assess the implications of this variability for surgical procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 50 patients undergoing CT angiography.
  • Utilized 3D volume rendering for detailed vascular visualization.
  • Developed a 16-quadrant evaluation grid based on the Frankfurt plan to score arterial visibility.

Main Results:

  • Significant bilateral arterial density was observed in the posterior ascending ramus of the mandible (quadrants B2, B3, B4).
  • A strong correlation (r=0.87) was found between vessel number and regional variability.
  • No significant differences in arterial density were noted between male and female patients.

Conclusions:

  • The posterior zone of the TMJ condyle and ramus exhibits the highest arterial variability and vascularization.
  • This anatomical knowledge is critical for surgeons performing TMJ, facial, or head/neck radiologic interventions.
  • Increased awareness of this variability can help mitigate surgical bleeding risks.