Implementation of Computerized Physician Order Entry in Primary Care: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Health Informatics
• Primary Care Medicine
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) systems are increasingly adopted in healthcare.
• Understanding CPOE implementation and its impact in primary care is crucial for optimizing its use.
• Existing literature highlights varied experiences and outcomes of CPOE adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review assessing the implementation and outcomes of CPOE in primary care settings.
• To identify key factors influencing CPOE adoption and success in ambulatory care.
• To synthesize findings on the benefits and challenges of CPOE from existing studies.

Main Methods:

• Scoping review conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines.
• Searched databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, and Google Scholar.
• Data extracted using JBI methodology and discussed using Donabedian's framework.

Main Results:

• Seven studies met inclusion criteria, focusing on CPOE outcomes in primary/ambulatory care.
• Studies examined CPOE framework, implementation status, and post-implementation evaluations.
• Positive impacts observed for physicians, pharmacists, patients, and providers, with enhanced patient safety.

Conclusions:

• CPOE implementation in primary care yields numerous benefits for patients and providers.
• Challenges such as infrastructure, workflow, engagement, and safety culture require attention.
• Further research on CPOE structure, framework, and deployment components is essential for improved adoption.