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Canine smooth muscle tumors: A clinicopathological study
Giancarlo Avallone1, Valeria Pellegrino1, Luisa Vera Muscatello1
1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
Veterinary Pathology
|December 27, 2021
Summary
Canine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) show varied malignancy based on human versus veterinary criteria. Human criteria better reflect benign behavior, especially for genital SMTs, and correlate with prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Oncology
- Comparative Medicine
Background:
- Canine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) occur in various locations, with less defined malignancy criteria than in humans.
- Histological assessment of canine SMTs lacks detailed malignancy criteria compared to human medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate clinicopathologic features of canine SMTs.
- To compare veterinary and human medical criteria for SMT malignancy.
- To assess prognostic parameters in canine SMTs.
Main Methods:
- Histological evaluation of 105 canine SMTs using veterinary and human criteria.
- Assessment of Ki67 labeling index for proliferation.
- Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in soft tissue SMTs.
Main Results:
- SMTs were most common in the female genital tract (42%), followed by the alimentary (22%) and soft tissues (20%).
- Human criteria classified fewer SMTs as malignant than veterinary criteria, aligning better with observed benign behavior.
- Decreased differentiation correlated with increased proliferation, necrosis, and reduced desmin. Mitotic count, Ki67, and necrosis predicted metastasis and tumor-related death.
Conclusions:
- Human criteria may offer a more accurate assessment of canine SMT malignancy, particularly for genital tumors.
- Further research is needed to validate human criteria for ER/PR-expressing soft tissue SMTs and refine prognostic parameters.
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