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Search and Rescue in the Pacific West States.

Stephen Ettinger1, Andrea Long2, Arun Ganti3

  • 1University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
|December 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Search and Rescue (SAR) teams in the US National Park Service (NPS) Pacific west region have diverse medical training, but few have dedicated medical directors or established remote care protocols. This highlights a gap in medical oversight for wilderness emergency response.

Keywords:
EMSNational Park ServiceSARfirst responderwilderness medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Wilderness Medicine
  • Emergency Medical Services
  • Search and Rescue Operations

Background:

  • The operational standards and medical oversight of Search and Rescue (SAR) organizations within the US National Park Service (NPS) Pacific west region remain largely undocumented.
  • Understanding these practices is crucial for improving patient care and safety in remote environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the training practices and level of medical oversight among SAR teams in the NPS Pacific west region.
  • To identify the prevalence of medical professionals and the use of medical protocols within these teams.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive analysis was conducted using survey data from SAR team leaders in the NPS Pacific west region.
  • Surveys were administered electronically between May and December 2019, collecting data on team size, technical and medical training, and medical oversight.
  • Data were analyzed and reported using median (interquartile range, range) values.

Main Results:

  • Out of 250 contacted SAR teams, 97 (39%) completed the survey.
  • Teams averaged 30 members and responded to 25 missions annually.
  • While most teams had members with medical training (e.g., first aid, EMTs, nurses, physicians), only 45% had formal medical direction, often by emergency medicine specialists.
  • Expanded medical procedures were permitted on only 21% of teams.

Conclusions:

  • SAR teams in the NPS Pacific west region exhibit training and composition similar to those in other US regions.
  • Healthcare professionals are frequently integrated into SAR teams, but primarily as members rather than designated medical directors.
  • There is a limited utilization of formal medical protocols for remote care among these SAR teams, indicating a need for enhanced medical governance.