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Related Concept Videos

Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

1.8K
Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
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Septins01:19

Septins

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Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution
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Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution

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Septins in Stem Cells.

Tanja Schuster1, Hartmut Geiger1

  • 1Institute of Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|December 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Septins are crucial for maintaining stem cell quiescence and regulating cell division symmetry. This review explores their roles in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, particularly in hematopoietic stem cells.

Keywords:
BorgCdc42HSCagingpolarityseptinstem cellsyeast

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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins
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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins
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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Background:

  • Septins, initially discovered in yeast, are conserved proteins involved in cytoskeletal organization, cell polarity, and trafficking across species.
  • Stem cells rely on a tightly regulated quiescent state for function and undergo symmetric or asymmetric divisions, impacting self-renewal and differentiation.
  • Septins' ability to form cellular barriers and break symmetry suggests a key role in managing stem cell quiescence and division modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Septin functions in stem cells.
  • To highlight Septins' roles in maintaining stem cell quiescence and regulating division symmetry (symmetric vs. asymmetric).
  • To focus on Septins in hematopoietic stem cells and their implications for self-renewal and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on Septins in various model organisms (yeast, non-yeast cells, mice).
  • Analysis of studies investigating Septin involvement in stem cell quiescence mechanisms.
  • Examination of research on Septin-mediated symmetry breaking in stem cell division.

Main Results:

  • Septins are essential for establishing and maintaining the quiescent state in stem cells.
  • Septins influence the symmetry of stem cell division, impacting self-renewal versus differentiation.
  • Evidence suggests Septins play a critical role in organizing stem cell behavior, though mammalian mechanisms remain under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Septins are vital regulators of stem cell quiescence and division asymmetry across diverse species.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which Septins control mammalian stem cell fate.
  • Understanding Septin function is key to harnessing stem cells for therapeutic applications, especially in hematopoiesis.