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Difference in Amyloid Load Between Single Memory Domain and Multidomain Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Study from

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Multidomain Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) shows higher amyloid accumulation than single-domain SCD, indicating a potentially more advanced disease stage. Increased amyloid load in SCD is linked to poorer memory function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research

Background:

  • Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) is an early indicator of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  • SCD can manifest across multiple cognitive domains, including memory, language, planning, and attention.
  • Distinguishing between single-domain SCD (sd-SCD) and multidomain SCD (md-SCD) is crucial for understanding disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque deposition in individuals with sd-SCD versus md-SCD.
  • To investigate the association between amyloid burden, SCD symptom severity, and objective cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 18F-florbetapir Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans to quantify global and regional amyloid Standardized Uptake Value Ratios (SUVr) in 63 SCD participants.
  • Employed nonparametric ANCOVA to compare amyloid load between sd-SCD and md-SCD groups, controlling for age, sex, and education.
  • Applied multiple linear regression to assess relationships between amyloid SUVr, SCD scores, and neuropsychological test results.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with md-SCD exhibited significantly higher global and regional amyloid SUVr compared to those with sd-SCD.
  • Increased global amyloid SUVr in the overall SCD cohort correlated with more severe SCD symptoms (SCD-plus sum scores).
  • Higher global amyloid load was associated with poorer performance on the Auditory Verbal Learning Test-delayed recall, indicating impaired episodic memory.

Conclusions:

  • md-SCD is characterized by greater amyloid accumulation than sd-SCD, suggesting a more advanced stage of preclinical AD.
  • Amyloid burden is a significant factor associated with cognitive function in individuals experiencing SCD.
  • These findings highlight the importance of differentiating SCD subtypes for assessing AD risk and progression.