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The Association between Treatment Modality, Lipid Profile, Metabolic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and

Monica Marino1, Alexander J Eckert2, Shoshana Tell3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Ancona, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy.

Nutrients
|December 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in children with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease is linked to improved lipid profiles, better metabolic control, and lower rates of overweight and obesity compared to injection therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) frequently experience dyslipidemia.
  • Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has shown potential for improving lipid profiles in T1D patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between treatment modality (CSII vs. injection therapy) and lipid profile, metabolic control, and BMI-SDS in children with T1D and CD.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1009 children (2-18 years) with T1D and CD from the SWEET database.
  • Data included treatment modality, lipid levels (triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL), dyslipidemia status, HbA1c, and BMI-SDS.
  • Statistical analysis involved linear and logistical regression, adjusted for age, gender, and diabetes duration.

Main Results:

  • Children on CSII (n=543) showed significantly higher HDL (60.0 vs. 57.8 mg/dL) and lower LDL (89.4 vs. 94.2 mg/dL) compared to those on injection therapy (IT, n=466).
  • CSII was associated with lower HbA1c (7.7% vs. 8.1%), lower BMI-SDS (0.4 vs. 0.6), and a reduced prevalence of overweight/obesity (17% vs. 26%) compared to IT.
  • All differences between CSII and IT groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • CSII treatment in children with T1D and CD is associated with favorable lipid profiles, improved glycemic control, and reduced overweight/obesity rates compared to injection therapy.
  • Further prospective research is warranted to confirm these benefits and explore long-term outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
celiac diseasecontinuous subcutaneous insulin infusionglycemic controllipid profiletype 1 diabetes

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