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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

693
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
122.9K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
64.9K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

43.7K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
43.7K
Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

28.3K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Poly(ionic liquid) Based Composite Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries.

Robert Löwe1,2, Thomas Hanemann1,2, Tatiana Zinkevich1

  • 1Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.

Polymers
|December 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymerized ionic liquids (PIL) show promise as solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. Additives can enhance ionic conductivity or lithium diffusion, but mechanical stability and cycling efficiency require further research.

Keywords:
ECMPPyrr-TFSIPFG-NMRcomposite polymer electrolytesionogel electrolytelithium diffusionlithium ion batteriespoly(ionic liquid)spolymerizable ionic liquids

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) offer a route to solid-state electrolytes by combining ionic liquid properties with polymer characteristics.
  • Current research focuses on ammonium-based PILs as potential replacements for liquid electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of additives on the properties of ammonium-based PILs for use as polymer electrolyte membranes.
  • To evaluate the ionic conductivity and lithium diffusion in PIL-based electrolytes.
  • To assess the performance of these membranes in lithium-ion battery cell tests.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure ionic conductivity.
  • Pulsed-field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PFG-NMR) to determine diffusion coefficients.
  • Fabrication and testing of lithium-ion battery cells with PIL-based membranes.

Main Results:

  • High concentrations of 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (MPPyrr-TFSI) increased ionic conductivity to 1.3 × 10-4 S·cm-1, necessitating cross-linkers for mechanical stability.
  • Ethylene carbonate (EC) and MPPyrr-TFSI mixtures reduced conductivity to 10-9 S·cm-1 but enhanced 7Li diffusion coefficients up to 1.7 × 10-10 m2·s-1.
  • Cell tests confirmed the feasibility of PIL-based electrolyte membranes, though further optimization is needed for stable cycling.

Conclusions:

  • PILs can be functionalized with additives to tune ionic conductivity and ion diffusion for battery applications.
  • Achieving a balance between conductivity, mechanical stability, and long-term cycling performance remains a key challenge.
  • Further research is essential to develop robust and efficient PIL-based solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries.