Lessons from Ten Years' the Prevalence of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the Young Population Living in a

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Samileh Noorbakhsh1, Mohammad Vafaee-Shahi2, Leila Tahernia3

  • 1Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Departement & Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.

Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|December 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Despite rubella vaccination in Iran, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases persist. Continued surveillance and vaccination campaigns are crucial to prevent rubella infection and its severe consequences.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • A safe and effective rubella vaccine is available and widely used in Iran.
  • Rubella vaccination campaigns have been implemented to control the spread of the virus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases one decade after the MR vaccination campaign in Iran.
  • To assess the continued incidence and impact of rubella infection despite vaccination efforts.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-stage prospective/cross-sectional study conducted in three educational hospitals in Tehran.
  • Evaluation of 186 infants and comparison of 163 blood samples from infants with suspected intrauterine infection against healthy controls.
  • Rubella immunity (IgG & IgM) in cord blood assessed using the Eliza method.

Main Results:

  • Despite the MR vaccination campaign, 5.6% of suspected cases were confirmed as CRS.
  • An additional 31 cases were classified as "compatible CRS," highlighting ongoing rubella transmission.
  • The study identified persistent fetal infection, underscoring the need for continued vigilance.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital rubella syndrome remains a concern in Iran even after a decade of vaccination.
  • Active CRS surveillance is essential to detect milder infections and prevent long-term health issues like hearing loss and developmental delays.
  • Recommendations include mass vaccination for women and girls, pre-pregnancy rubella immunity testing, and mandatory vaccination before marriage/pregnancy to eradicate CRS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Rubellachildrencongenital rubella syndromeimmunization programsintrauterine infectionsurveillance

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