NT-pro BNP in AECOPD-PH: old biomarker, new insights-based on a large retrospective case-controlled study

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the common complications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study aimed to evaluate the predicting ability of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) in patients with AECOPD-PH and its relationship with the severity of PH.

A large retrospective case-controlled study (n = 1072) was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2018 to December 2020, and patients were divided into stable COPD (n = 178), AECOPD (n = 688) and AECOPD-PH group (n = 206). Different statistical models were used to screen for reliable and stable biomarkers.

In unadjusted analysis and PSM (model 1, 2, 3), red cell distribution width (RDW), total bilirubin (TBIL), and NT-pro BNP were higher in patients with AECOPD-PH than those in AECOPD group. Logistic regression analysis showed, when the range of NT-proBNP was 271-1165 pg/mL (OR: 0.293; 95%CI: 0.184-0.467; P < 0.001) and NT-proBNP > 1165 pg/mL (OR: 0.559; 95%CI: 0.338-0.926; P = 0.024), the morbidity risk of PH in AECOPD patients was increased, so did TBIL. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, at the cut-off value of NT-proBNP was 175.14 pg/mL, AUC was 0.651 (P < 0.001), which was better than TBIL (AUC: 0.590, P < 0.001). As for the results of rank correlation analysis, NT-proBNP had a weak correlation with severity of PH with AECOPD (r_s = 0.299, P = 0.001) and its relative relevance with other biomarkers (RDW was 0.359 and TBIL was 0.238, P < 0.001).

Our findings suggest that NT-proBNP has a diagnostic efficacy in AECOPD-PH and NT-proBNP has a weak correlation with severity of PH with AECOPD.