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Halomonas populi sp. nov. isolated from Populus euphratica.

Lin Xu1,2,3, Jun-Jie Ying1, Yuan-Chun Fang1

  • 1College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.

Archives of Microbiology
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Summary

Three novel yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, isolated from poplar stems, represent a new species, Halomonas populi. These motile, Gram-negative bacteria exhibit unique genomic and phenotypic characteristics, expanding the Halomonas genus diversity.

Keywords:
Comparative genomicsHalomonasPolyphasic taxonomyPopulus euphratica

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Taxonomy
  • Plant-Microbe Interactions

Background:

  • The genus Halomonas comprises diverse, osmotolerant bacteria found in various environments.
  • Understanding bacterial diversity in plant-associated microbiomes is crucial for plant health and ecosystem function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and classify three novel bacterial strains isolated from Populus euphratica stems.
  • To determine the phylogenetic and genomic relatedness of these strains to existing Halomonas species.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and phenotypic characterization of bacterial strains.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
  • Genomic analysis including pan-genome and average nucleotide identity (ANI) calculations.
  • Chemotaxonomic analysis of respiratory quinones, fatty acids, and polar lipids.

Main Results:

  • Three yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped strains (MCT, PC, and RC) were identified.
  • These strains demonstrated tolerance to a wide range of temperatures, pH, and NaCl concentrations.
  • Phylogenetic and genomic analyses confirmed their distinctness from other Halomonas species, forming a novel clade with Halomonas nanhaiensis and Halomonas songnenensis.
  • ANI and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were below established thresholds for species delineation.

Conclusions:

  • The isolated strains represent a novel species within the genus Halomonas, named Halomonas populi sp. nov.
  • The type strain is MCT (JCM 33545T = MCCC 1K03942T).
  • This discovery expands the known diversity of Halomonas and highlights the potential for novel bacterial species in plant stem microbiomes.