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Time in Grief: How do Bereaved Parents Mentalize It?

Bernadetta Janusz1, Joanna Jurek2, Karolina Dejko-Wańczyk1

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Omega
|December 28, 2021
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Summary

Bereaved parents often struggle to mentalize the passage of time in grief, oscillating between the past and a limited present. Higher mentalizing ability aids in processing child loss, but reflective functioning in grief is typically lower than in general attachment.

Keywords:
bereaved parentsmentalizationtemporal oscillationstime in grief

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Grief Studies
  • Attachment Theory

Background:

  • The temporal dimension of grief is complex, influenced by clinical and anthropological perspectives.
  • Understanding how bereaved parents mentalize time is crucial for therapeutic interventions.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the temporal aspects of mentalization in child loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine bereaved parents' capacity for mentalizing the temporal aspects of their grief.
  • To investigate the relationship between general mentalizing ability and grief-specific mentalization.
  • To explore how parents conceptualize time during the grieving process after child loss.

Main Methods:

  • Multimethod study employing the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and the Child Loss Interview (CLI).
  • Thematic analysis used to code parents' mentalizing utterances related to time.
  • Assessment of reflective functioning (RF) in both attachment and grief contexts.

Main Results:

  • Parents generally exhibit lower reflective functioning when mentalizing grief compared to general attachment experiences.
  • A higher general capacity for mentalization correlates with improved RF and coherence in mentalizing grief.
  • Parents' experience of time in grief is characterized by oscillation between the past (deceased child) and a restricted present.

Conclusions:

  • Mentalizing the temporal dimension of grief presents unique challenges for bereaved parents.
  • Individual differences in mentalizing capacity significantly impact the coherence of grief processing.
  • Interventions may benefit from addressing the temporal oscillations inherent in the grieving process.