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Do mobility exercises in different environments have different effects in ankylosing spondylitis?

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Aquatic and land-based exercises improve pulmonary function in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. These multidimensional mobility programs enhance respiratory capacity and disease management, unlike home exercises.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) significantly impairs spinal mobility, leading to structural and functional deficits.
  • Pulmonary complications, including interstitial lung disease and chest wall abnormalities, are common in AS patients.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial to mitigate AS-related functional limitations and respiratory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of aquatic and land-based multidimensional functional mobility exercises on pulmonary functions in AS patients.
  • To assess the effects of these exercise regimens on disease-related scales and patient-reported outcomes.
  • To compare the efficacy of aquatic, land-based, and home-based exercise programs in managing AS.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 57 AS patients, categorized into aquatic (AG), land-based (LG), and home (HG) exercise groups.
  • An 8-week intervention period with multidimensional mobility exercises conducted twice weekly.
  • Assessment of disease activity, functional limitation, spinal mobility, pain, pulmonary function tests, maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory mouth pressure (MEP) pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Forty-six patients completed the study; multidimensional exercises improved pain, spinal mobility, and functionality in AG and LG compared to HG.
  • Significant improvements in peak expiratory flow, vital capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation, and MIP were observed in the aquatic group.
  • The land-based group showed significant increases in FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow, and maximum voluntary ventilation.

Conclusions:

  • Multidimensional functional mobility exercises, whether aquatic or land-based, play a vital role in managing pulmonary manifestations of AS.
  • Both aquatic and land-based exercise programs demonstrate benefits for respiratory health in AS patients.
  • These findings support the integration of tailored exercise interventions into the comprehensive management of ankylosing spondylitis.