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Multilayered Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Sacrificial Coating for Suppressing Lithium Dendrite Growth.

Xiaowei Li1,2, Yongwei Zheng2, William R Fullerton2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a multilayered solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) to prevent lithium dendrite growth in lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). The novel design enhances battery cycling performance and safety.

Keywords:
lithium dendriteslithium-metal batteriesmultilayered filmsnetwork solid polymer electrolytessolid polymer electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Lithium dendrite formation is a major obstacle for the practical application of lithium-metal batteries (LMBs).
  • Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) offer a safer alternative to liquid electrolytes but often struggle with dendrite penetration.
  • Developing robust SPEs is crucial for advancing next-generation battery technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a multilayered SPE architecture for improved lithium dendrite suppression in LMBs.
  • To investigate the synergistic effect of different SPE layers in controlling lithium dendrite growth.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of batteries utilizing the proposed multilayered SPE.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a multilayered SPE by combining a comb-chain cross-linker-based network SPE (ConSPE) with a linear poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) SPE.
  • Construction of symmetrical lithium cells and Li/LiFePO4 battery configurations using the multilayered SPE.
  • Electrochemical testing, including cycling performance evaluation at high C-rates and assessment of short-circuit times under high current density.

Main Results:

  • The multilayered SPE effectively tuned lithium dendrite growth, with the linear PEO layer acting as a sacrificial layer.
  • Symmetrical lithium cells demonstrated a 4.1-fold increase in short-circuit time compared to single-layer ConSPE at 1.5 mA cm⁻².
  • Li/LiFePO4 batteries exhibited superior cycling performance at high rates (2C and 10C) using the multilayered SPE.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multilayered SPE architecture offers a promising strategy for mitigating lithium dendrite issues in LMBs.
  • This approach enhances the safety and cycling stability of lithium-metal batteries.
  • The findings open new avenues for designing advanced SPEs for high-performance energy storage applications.