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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
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Transduction01:16

Transduction

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Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Precise and Quantifiable Method for Collecting Hemolymph from Small Arthropods
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Playing dirty with virus transmission.

Christin Herrmann1, Ken Cadwell1,2,3

  • 1Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman University School of Medicine, New York, NY.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers cohoused pet store rodents with lab mice to study virus spread and discover new viruses. This research sheds light on infection dynamics and the interplay between viruses and the microbiome.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The microbiome plays a crucial role in host health and disease.
  • Understanding viral transmission is key to preventing outbreaks.
  • Rodent models are essential for studying infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate viral transmission dynamics between different rodent populations.
  • To discover novel viruses in pet store rodents.
  • To explore the relationship between viral infections and the host microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Cohabitation of pet store rodents (mice and rats) with clean laboratory mice.
  • Viral screening and sequencing to identify known and novel viruses.
  • Microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing.
  • Comparative analysis of viral loads and microbiome composition.

Main Results:

  • Identification of several known and potentially novel viruses in pet store rodents.
  • Evidence of viral transmission from pet store rodents to laboratory mice.
  • Significant alterations in the microbiome composition of laboratory mice exposed to pet store rodents.
  • Correlation between specific viral infections and changes in microbiome diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Pet store rodents can serve as reservoirs for diverse viruses, posing a potential risk to laboratory animal populations.
  • Viral infections can significantly impact the gut microbiome, potentially affecting host susceptibility and disease progression.
  • This study highlights the importance of biosecurity measures and the need for further research into virus-microbiome interactions.