Methods and Barriers to Communication Between Pharmacists During Transitions of Care

Background: Effective communication between pharmacists across healthcare settings is essential to facilitate transitions of care (TOC) and improve patient outcomes. Objective: To explore pharmacists' communication methods and preferences and identify barriers to communication during TOC. Methods: A survey was distributed to a convenience sample of pharmacists in California, Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Texas. The survey collected information on pharmacists' demographics, practice settings, and clinical services, and their methods, preferences, and barriers to communication during TOC. Results: A total of 308 responses were included in the analysis. The majority of pharmacists practiced in inpatient pharmacy (39.3%) followed by outpatient community pharmacy (23.4%). About 57.8% of pharmacists reported involvement in TOC services. Among respondents, most reported electronic health record (EHR) as their primary method of communication to receive (66.2%) and send (55.5%) information to perform TOC services. Additionally, EHR was reported as the preferred method of communication to receive (75.4%) and send (75.5%) information during TOC. The primary reasons pharmacists reported not utilizing patient health information were lack of information (38.4%), incorrect information (36.7%), delay in receiving information (36.7%), and lack of time (34.5%). Barriers to providing TOC services included poor communication during handoffs (44.2%) and difficulty obtaining needed patient medical information (43.9%). Conclusion: This study identified methods and barriers to communication between pharmacists during TOC across healthcare settings. This provides an opportunity for future research to develop interventions to improve communication between pharmacists at different practice settings.