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Cross-age peer mentoring for youth: A meta-analysis
Samantha Burton1, Elizabeth B Raposa2, Cyanea Y S Poon1
1Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
American Journal of Community Psychology
|December 29, 2021
Summary
Cross-age peer mentoring programs show significant positive effects for youth. Programs outside school, in urban areas, and with adult supervision yield the best results.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Social Work
Background:
- Traditional youth mentoring often involves intergenerational relationships.
- Cross-age peer mentoring is an emerging model utilizing older youth to support younger peers.
- This approach leverages peer influence for positive youth development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the overall effectiveness of cross-age peer mentoring programs.
- To identify factors (moderators) that influence the success of these programs.
- To provide evidence-based insights for optimizing youth mentoring interventions.
Main Methods:
- A multilevel meta-analytic approach was employed.
- Data from six relevant studies were synthesized.
- Effect sizes and moderating variables were statistically analyzed.
Main Results:
- A medium overall effect size (g = 0.45) was found for cross-age peer mentoring.
- Program effectiveness was moderated by setting, with larger effects observed in community-based programs.
- Higher levels of adult oversight and supervision were associated with greater positive outcomes.
- Urban settings also showed a trend towards larger effect sizes.
Conclusions:
- Cross-age peer mentoring is a beneficial intervention for youth development.
- Optimizing program structure, particularly regarding setting and adult involvement, can enhance effectiveness.
- Findings support the wider adoption and refinement of peer mentoring models in youth services.
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