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G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Regulation

Chase H Melick1, Tshering D Lama-Sherpa1, Adna Curukovic1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Molecular Pharmacology
|December 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates cell functions and is a key target in diseases. This review details how G-protein coupled receptor signaling influences mTORC1 activity.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth, and autophagy.
  • Hyperactivation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is implicated in various human diseases, making it a significant therapeutic target.
  • Identifying upstream regulators of mTORC1 is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the upstream regulation of mTORC1 by various stimuli.
  • To specifically elucidate the role of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in mTORC1 regulation.
  • To provide insights into targeting hyperactivated mTORC1 in disease contexts.

Main Methods:

  • This mini-review synthesizes existing literature on mTORC1 regulation.
  • Focuses on signaling pathways originating from G-protein coupled receptors.
  • Examines molecular mechanisms linking GPCRs to mTORC1 activation.

Main Results:

  • GPCRs represent a significant class of upstream stimuli that modulate mTORC1 activity.
  • Specific signaling cascades downstream of GPCRs converge to regulate mTORC1.
  • Understanding these pathways offers potential therapeutic avenues.

Conclusions:

  • GPCR signaling plays a critical role in controlling mTORC1 activity.
  • Elucidating these molecular connections is vital for understanding disease pathogenesis.
  • Targeting GPCR-mTORC1 interactions may offer novel therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with mTORC1 hyperactivation.

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