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Risks of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in China: A Retrospective Multicenter
Leilei Fang1, Han Gao1, Xiang Gao1
1Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
Insights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in China have a higher risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), particularly young females. Biomarkers like CRP and fibrinogen may predict IHD risk in IBD.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition.
- IBD can lead to systemic inflammation and abnormal coagulation, increasing cardiac event risk.
- Cardiac events in IBD patients in China require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and risks of cardiac events in Chinese IBD patients.
- To compare cardiac event rates between IBD patients and controls.
- To identify predictors of cardiac events in IBD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study.
- 1435 IBD patients from 12 centers in China.
- Matched controls (1588) without IBD.
Main Results:
- IBD patients had higher ischemic heart disease (IHD) incidence than controls.
- IHD risk peaked at ages 18-35 and was higher in female IBD patients.
- CRP, neutrophil count, and fibrinogen levels correlated with IHD risk.
Conclusions:
- IBD patients face increased IHD risk, especially young females.
- CRP, fibrinogen, and neutrophil count may predict IHD in IBD.
- Findings inform IBD cardiac event management and prevention.
Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex chronic disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, which may cause abnormal state of coagulation, resulting in cardiac events. This study aimed to investigate the incidences and risks of cardiac events in patients with IBD in China.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed comprising 1435 patients with IBD from 12 IBD centers in China. Cases were matched with 1588 eligible participants without IBD from 12 medical centers according to age, sex, and laboratory parameters.
Results:
Patients with IBD in China exhibited significantly higher incidences of ischemic heart disease (IHD; coronary heart disease included) but lower frequencies of right bundle branch block and premature contraction than those of matched controls. The risk of IHD increased in patients with IBD, peaking at the age of 18-35 years. Female patients with IBD were more likely to experience IHD than male patients. The C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and neutrophil count in the peripheral blood were positively related with the risk of IHD among patients with Crohn's disease, whereas plasma fibrinogen levels were negatively related with the risk of IHD both in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Conclusions:
The risk of IHD is increased in patients with IBD, especially in young female patients with IBD when compared with matched non-IBD subjects. The CRP and plasma fibrinogen levels and neutrophil count in the peripheral blood may be potential predictors associated with the occurrence of IHD in patients with IBD. The study's findings have significant implications for the management and prevention of cardiac events in patients with IBD.
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