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Prevalence of femoral vein duplication: systematic review and metaanalysis

William Sibuor1, Vincent Kipkorir1, Isaac Cheruiyot1

  • 1Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Kenya.

Journal of Ultrasonography
|December 31, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Femoral vein duplication is a common anatomical variation affecting nearly 20% of individuals. Awareness of this duplication is crucial for accurate deep venous thrombosis diagnosis, preventing potentially fatal misdiagnoses.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Accuracy

Background:

  • Femoral vein duplication is a significant anatomical variation impacting venous anatomy.
  • This variation can lead to false-negative deep venous thrombosis diagnoses via compression ultrasonography.
  • Such misdiagnoses carry severe risks, including pulmonary embolism and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pooled prevalence of duplicated femoral veins through a meta-analysis.
  • To assess the prevalence of bilaterally duplicated femoral veins.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Hinari, Embase, and Medline.
  • Data from eligible studies were extracted and synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis.
  • The primary outcome was the overall pooled prevalence of duplicated femoral veins.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies comprising 3,682 limbs were included in the analysis.
  • The overall pooled prevalence of duplicated femoral veins was 19.7% (95% CI 11-30).
  • Prevalence differed significantly between cadaveric studies (2%) and imaging studies (25%).

Conclusions:

  • Femoral vein duplication is a frequent lower limb anatomical variation.
  • Clinicians must exercise caution during lower limb Doppler studies for deep venous thrombosis.
  • Increased vigilance can prevent misdiagnosis and enhance diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:
deep venous thrombosisfemoral vein duplicationultrasound

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