Evaluating Web-Based Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests for Cancer Susceptibility

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Consumer Health
• Medical Diagnostics

Background:

• Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing for cancer susceptibility has undergone significant changes.
• A dominant market model now involves physician ordering of tests advertised directly to consumers.
• Current DTC tests offer a wider scope and greater potential clinical significance than earlier versions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of available DTC genetic tests for cancer susceptibility.
• To identify factors within the DTC testing process that influence consumers' informed decision-making and result interpretation.

Main Methods:

• Reviewed DTC genetic tests for cancer susceptibility, detailing cost, ordering process, variant reporting, genetic counseling, and clinical validity.
• Examined six key aspects of the DTC testing process impacting consumer understanding: terminology, data usage, counseling extent, result delivery, physician roles, and reclassification communication.

Main Results:

• Consumers would benefit from increased transparency regarding specific aspects of DTC genetic testing.
• Current information provided by companies is insufficient for consumers to make fully informed decisions.

Conclusions:

• Enhanced information provision is crucial for consumers to make informed choices about DTC genetic testing services.
• Understanding the implications and limitations of DTC genetic test results is vital for consumers who pursue testing.