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Fluid-solid coupling dynamic model for oscillatory growth of multicellular lumens.

Shu-Yi Sun¹, Xi-Qiao Feng²

¹Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Journal of Biomechanics

|December 31, 2021

Summary

This study models how multicellular lumens grow through cell division and fluid movement. A new fluid-solid model explains lumen size oscillations via cell contact fracturing and healing, crucial for tissue development.

Keywords:

Cell proliferation Hydraulic fracturing Lumen growth Oscillation Osmotic pressure

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Developmental Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

Multicellular lumen development involves complex interactions between cell proliferation, oscillation, and fluid transport.
Understanding the physical mechanisms driving lumen size dynamics is crucial for tissue development and regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a fluid-solid coupling dynamic model for investigating the physical mechanisms of oscillatory lumen growth.
To interpret the periodic oscillation of lumens based on experimental observations and a fracturing-healing mechanism.

Main Methods:

Development of a fluid-solid coupling dynamic model.
Interpretation of lumen oscillation via a fracturing-healing mechanism of cell-cell contacts inducing hydraulic-controlled outward flow.
Comparison of model-predicted lumen size oscillations with experimental results from Hydra regeneration.

Main Results:

The model successfully reproduces the oscillatory growth of lumen sizes, aligning with experimental data.
Cell proliferation and osmotic pressure-driven fluid transport determine the overall lumen volume trend.
Outward flow from cell-cell contact fracturing regulates oscillatory volume and tissue stress levels.

Conclusions:

The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding the biomechanics of fluid-containing lumen development.
The proposed model offers insights into the dynamics of lumen-like tissues and their oscillatory growth patterns.
The interplay of cell-cell contact dynamics and fluid transport is key to regulating lumen size and tissue homeostasis.