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Biogenesis of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles: What Do We Know?

Haroldo C de Oliveira1, Amanda F Kato1, Bianca A G Sena1

  • 1Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|January 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in fungi are crucial for host interactions but their creation mechanisms remain unclear. This review explores fungal EV biogenesis, focusing on origins in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly studied in fungi.
  • Fungal EVs mediate interactions between fungal cells and their hosts.
  • The biogenesis mechanisms of fungal EVs are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on fungal extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis.
  • To focus on the cellular sites of EV origin: cytoplasm and plasma membrane.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on fungal EV biogenesis.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for EV formation within fungal cells.

Main Results:

  • Fungal EVs have been identified across 15 genera.
  • EVs contain molecules vital for fungal-host interactions.
  • EV biogenesis can be initiated in the cytoplasm or at the plasma membrane.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding fungal EV biogenesis is critical for comprehending fungal pathogenesis and intercellular communication.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise molecular pathways governing fungal EV formation.
Keywords:
BiogenesisExosomesFungal extracellular vesiclesMicrovesicles

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