Immunotherapy-Mediated Luminal Gastrointestinal Toxicities.
Anusha S Thomas1, Yinghong Wang2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 2022
Summary
Immune checkpoint blockade revolutionized cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Early diagnosis and tailored management are crucial for patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has transformed advanced cancer treatment, improving survival rates.
- However, ICБ therapy is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
- Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities are common irAEs, ranging from mild to severe.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the significance of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer immunotherapy.
- To emphasize the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as a frequent site for irAEs.
- To outline diagnostic and management strategies for GI irAEs.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentations of GI irAEs.
- Integration of diagnostic modalities including clinical, biochemical, imaging, endoscopic, and histologic evaluations.
- Discussion of management strategies based on irAE severity.
Main Results:
- GI irAEs represent a significant challenge in ICB therapy.
- Comprehensive diagnostic workup is essential for accurate identification of GI irAEs.
- Management approaches range from supportive care to intensive immunosuppression.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of GI irAEs is critical for patients undergoing ICB therapy.
- Timely and accurate diagnosis, followed by appropriate treatment, improves patient outcomes.
- Understanding and addressing irAEs are key to maximizing the benefits of cancer immunotherapy.
Keywords:
ColitisDiarrheaEnterocolitisGastrointestinal adverse eventsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmunotherapyMore Related Videos
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