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Pulmonary Toxicities of Immunotherapy
Mehmet Altan1, Linda Zhong2, Vickie R Shannon3
1Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. maltan@mdanderson.org.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 2022
Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause pneumonitis, a serious lung side effect. This guide details pneumonitis incidence, symptoms, and management for cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a cornerstone of modern cancer immunotherapy.
- Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common complications of ICI therapy.
- Pneumonitis is a frequent and potentially severe lung irAE associated with ICIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the incidence and clinical features of pneumonitis in patients treated with ICIs.
- To provide practical guidance for the evaluation and management of ICI-induced pneumonitis.
- To enhance the understanding of this critical irAE among healthcare professionals.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on ICI-related pneumonitis.
- Analysis of clinical data regarding pneumonitis presentation and outcomes.
- Synthesis of expert recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.
Main Results:
- Pneumonitis incidence varies depending on the specific ICI and cancer type.
- Clinical manifestations range from mild cough to severe respiratory distress.
- Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for favorable outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Pneumonitis is a significant clinical challenge in ICI therapy.
- A systematic approach to evaluation and treatment is essential.
- Effective management can mitigate the impact of pneumonitis on cancer treatment.
Keywords:
Checkpoint inhibitorsDiffuse alveolar damageHypersensitivity pneumonitisImmune-related adverse eventNonspecific interstitial pneumoniaOrganizing pneumoniaPneumonitisThoracic imagingMore Related Videos
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