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Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV
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Regulation of Antiviral Immune Response by N 6-Methyladenosine of mRNA

Baoxin Zhao1,2, Weijie Wang1,2, Yan Zhao1,2

  • 1Department of Pathogen Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|January 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification impacts viral infections by affecting host immune responses. This review details how m6A regulates both viral RNA and host immune molecules, influencing viral clearance and immune evasion.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Host immune responses are crucial for clearing viral infections.
  • Viruses employ mechanisms to evade host immune defenses.
  • N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent mRNA modification regulating RNA metabolism and biological processes, including viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulatory role of m6A modification in innate and adaptive immune responses during viral infections.
  • To summarize recent research advances in the field of m6A and viral immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating m6A modification in viral infections.
  • Analysis of the impact of m6A on virus-host interactions.
  • Examination of m6A's role in regulating host immune responses.

Main Results:

  • m6A modification on viral RNA can impede recognition by host pattern recognition receptors.
  • m6A modification on host immune-related molecules regulates interferon response, immune cell differentiation, and cytokine production.
  • m6A plays a dual role in viral infections, affecting both viral evasion and host immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • m6A modification is a critical regulator in the interplay between viruses and host immunity.
  • Understanding m6A's role offers potential therapeutic strategies for viral infections.
Keywords:
N6-methyladenosine modificationadaptive immunityimmune recognitioninnate immunityviral infection

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