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Chronic Endodontic Infections and Cardiovascular Diseases: Does the Evidence Support an Independent Association?

Yaser A Aloutaibi1, Abdulaziz S Alkarim1, Esraa M Qumri1

  • 1Advanced General Dentistry, The University Dental Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.

Cureus
|January 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review found no link between chronic endodontic infections and cardiovascular diseases in patients with existing heart conditions. More research is needed to confirm this finding for dental health and heart disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Previous research suggests a potential link between endodontic infections and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
  • However, conclusive evidence is lacking, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate existing evidence on the association between chronic endodontic infections and CVD.
  • To assess the risk of CVD in individuals with cardiac conditions and endodontic infections.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2011 and 2021.
  • Included were observational studies (cohort, cross-sectional, case-control) focusing on endodontic infections, apical periodontitis, and CVD risk in cardiac patients.
  • Fourteen studies involving 960,652 subjects were analyzed after excluding reviews, animal studies, and irrelevant research.

Main Results:

  • The review found no significant association between endodontic infections and cardiovascular diseases in individuals with cardiac conditions.
  • A moderate risk of bias was observed in 57.14% of the included studies (n=8).
  • The current evidence supporting a link between chronic endodontic infections and CVD is considered weak.

Conclusions:

  • There is insufficient evidence to establish a relationship between endodontic infections and cardiovascular diseases in patients with cardiac conditions.
  • Further robust longitudinal clinical studies are necessary to definitively determine any potential association.

Keywords:
apical periodontitiscardiovascular diseasechronic endodontic infectioncoronary heart diseaseendodonticsoutcome assessmentperiapical lesionssystemic disease

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