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Loculations and Associated Risk Factors of Childhood Pleural Tuberculosis

Jun-Li Wang1, Ming Zhou2, Yan-An Zhang3,4

  • 1Department of Lab Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|January 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Male gender, empyema, and low monocyte counts are key risk factors for pleural loculation in childhood tuberculosis (TB). Identifying these factors aids in managing loculated effusions in pediatric TB patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Microbiology

Background:

  • Pleural loculation complicates childhood tuberculosis (TB) management, often leading to drainage failure.
  • Identifying risk factors for loculated pleural effusion in children with TB is crucial for improving treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic risk factors associated with pleural loculation in pediatric pleural TB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 154 children (≤15 years) with tuberculous pleural effusion from January 2006 to December 2019.
  • Data collected included demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations with pleural loculation.

Main Results:

  • Multivariate analysis identified male gender (OR=3.903), empyema (OR=4.499), and peripheral monocyte count ≤0.46 × 10^9/L (OR=4.122) as significant risk factors for loculated effusion.
  • The study included 154 children, with 27 cases classified as loculated effusion and 127 as non-loculated.

Conclusions:

  • Male gender, empyema, and a low peripheral monocyte count are significant risk factors for pleural loculation in children with TB.
  • These findings can guide improved management strategies for loculated effusions in pediatric pleural TB.

Keywords:
childrenempyemaloculationpleural tuberculosisrisk factor

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