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Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Purification and Visualization of Lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative Bacteria by Hot Aqueous-phenol Extraction
Published on: May 28, 2012
Beyond proteins: Ubiquitylation of lipopolysaccharide to fight bacteria
Yanqiu Gong1, Litong Nie2, Lunzhi Dai1
1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
Abstract:
Mechanisms and functions of protein ubiquitylation and LPS ubiquitylation. LPS ubiquitylation serves as a scaffold to recruit E3 ligases for the ubiquitylation of the membrane of bacteria. Polyubiquitin coat on the bacterial cell surface is one type of "eat-me" signal recognized by the host cells. The abbreviations used in the figure are Pro, Protein; Ub, Ubiquitin; E1, Ubiquitin-activating enzymes; E2, Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes; E3, Ubiquitin-ligating enzymes; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; RNF213, Ring Finger Protein 213; and LUBAC, linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex.
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