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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

419
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Gut inflammation in CVID: causes and consequences.

I M Andersen1, S F Jørgensen1,2

  • 1Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway.

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
|January 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Noninfectious gastrointestinal (GI) diseases significantly impact Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) patients. This review explores CVID enteropathy, its link to GI cancer, and the roles of microbiota, IgA, and genetics.

Keywords:
Common variable immunodeficiencyIgAenteropathygastric cancergastrointestinal tract: celiac diseaseliver transplantationmicrobiotamucosal immunologyprimary immunodeficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Noninfectious gastrointestinal pathology presents a significant challenge in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • The exact etiology and optimal therapeutic strategies for CVID-associated GI conditions remain subjects of ongoing debate and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review focuses on noninfectious GI inflammation in CVID patients, encompassing both upper and lower GI tracts, as well as hepatic involvement.
  • It critically examines the controversial definitions of CVID enteropathy and the efficacy of gluten-free diets for celiac-like conditions in CVID.
  • Additionally, the review investigates the association between GI inflammation and GI cancer, and scrutinizes the roles of gut microbiota, IgA, and genetics in CVID enteropathy.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed as the primary database.
  • Key areas of focus included noninfectious GI inflammation, CVID enteropathy, celiac-like disease, GI cancer, gut microbiota, IgA, and genetic factors in CVID.

Main Results:

  • CVID enteropathy is characterized by heterogeneity and poorly understood mechanisms, hindering effective treatment development.
  • Celiac-like disease in CVID arises from immune dysregulation, making gluten-free diets generally inappropriate.
  • Gut dysbiosis and mucosal IgA contribute to systemic and local inflammation, playing a role in immune dysregulation within CVID.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized medicine approaches are likely essential for managing CVID enteropathy due to its heterogeneous nature.
  • Understanding the interplay of gut microbiota, IgA, and genetics is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of CVID-related GI disorders.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the etiology and develop targeted therapies for noninfectious GI pathologies in CVID.