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Allergic rhinitis and sleep disorders in children - coexistence and reciprocal interactions

Cláudio D'Elia1, David Gozal2, Oliviero Bruni3

  • 1Hospital Lusíadas, Departamento de Pediatria, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Europeu do Sono, Portugal.

Jornal De Pediatria
|January 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Allergic rhinitis (AR) in children is linked to sleep problems like snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Treating AR may improve sleep quality and reduce OSA severity in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent condition in children, significantly impacting their quality of life and sleep.
  • AR is recognized as a major risk factor for habitual snoring and may increase the risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in pediatric populations.
  • The association between AR severity and pediatric OSA severity shows a significant, independent correlation, though some studies present inconsistent findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review and synthesize international literature on the association between allergic rhinitis and sleep disorders in children.
  • To analyze the impact of AR treatment on children's sleep quality.
  • To establish a foundation for future research on AR and pediatric sleep disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database.
  • Included studies encompassed original articles, review articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
  • Keywords focused on allergic rhinitis, sleep disorders, and sleep-disordered breathing.

Main Results:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a significant risk factor for snoring and potentially Obstructive Sleep Apnea in children.
  • Severity of AR correlates with the severity of pediatric OSA.
  • Evidence suggests a complex and sometimes inconsistent relationship between AR and OSA in children.

Conclusions:

  • Despite existing controversy, treating allergic rhinitis is crucial for improving children's sleep quality and potentially mitigating OSA severity.
  • Healthcare providers need enhanced understanding of the AR-sleep problem relationship in children due to high prevalence and morbidity.
  • Early identification and management of AR can lead to better sleep outcomes and overall health in pediatric patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Allergic rhinitisObstructive sleep apneaSleep disordersSleep-disordered breathing

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