Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

336
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
336
Optimal Arousal Theory01:23

Optimal Arousal Theory

342
The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
342
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

235
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
235
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

170
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
170
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

269
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
269
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

476
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
476

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Separation/Conversion Disorders in Functional Coma With Pseudocataplexy: Report of One Case and Literature Review].

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2024
Same author

Early evaluation of circulating tumor DNA as marker of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in breast cancer patients during primary systemic therapy.

Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)·2024
Same author

[Research Progress in the Correlation Between Dopamine and Clinical Characterization of Narcolepsy].

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2024
Same author

Rational synthesis of 3D coral-like ZnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoclusters with abundant oxygen vacancies for high-performance supercapacitors.

RSC advances·2024
Same author

The complete Chloroplast genome of Stachys geobombycis and comparative analysis with related Stachys species.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Forest Age Drives the Resource Utilization Indicators of Trees in Planted and Natural Forests in China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same journal

Splenic Angiosarcoma Misdiagnosed as PrimaryMyelofibrosis: Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review.

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
Same journal

Anesthetic Management for Epicardial Pacemaker Implantation in An Adult Patient With Uncorrected Functional Single Ventricle:A Case Report.

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
Same journal

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined With Ultrasonography for Early Diagnosis of Complete Hydatidiform Mole With Coexisting Fetus: Report of One Case.

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
Same journal

Prospects for China's Pharmaceutical Industry Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period.

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
Same journal

[Comparison of Imaging Efficacy and Patient Tolerability Between a Novel Cellulose-Based anda Conventional Starch-Based Oral Contrast Agent: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial].

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
Same journal

[Application Value of Super-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging in the Diagnosisof American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Category 4 and 5 Thyroid Nodules].

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

24.4K

[Research Progress on Insomnia and Microarousal].

Ru Wang1, Ji-You Tang1

  • 1Department of Neurology,Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University,Jinan 250014,China.

Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
|January 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insomnia, a common sleep disorder, involves difficulty sleeping and daytime impairment. This review focuses on microarousal

Keywords:
arousalsdepressionhyperarousalinsomniamemorymicroarousalsleep fragmentation

More Related Videos

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

5.5K
Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice
08:58

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Published on: June 19, 2019

9.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

24.4K
A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

5.5K
Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice
08:58

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Published on: June 19, 2019

9.9K

Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep, leading to impaired daytime functioning.
  • Chronic sleep deprivation associated with insomnia can negatively impact multiple human body systems.
  • The hyperarousal hypothesis is the primary theory explaining insomnia's occurrence and persistence, with microarousal playing a role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the mechanisms of microarousal in the context of insomnia.
  • To elucidate the clinical significance of microarousal for insomnia patients.
  • To provide guidance for clinical practice related to insomnia management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on insomnia and microarousal.
  • Synthesis of existing research on the hyperarousal hypothesis.
  • Analysis of the role of cortical arousal in sleep disorders.

Main Results:

  • Microarousal, a form of cortical arousal, is implicated in the hyperarousal mechanism of insomnia.
  • Understanding microarousal mechanisms is crucial for comprehending insomnia's pathophysiology.
  • Microarousal contributes to the subjective experience and objective manifestations of insomnia.

Conclusions:

  • Microarousal is a key component in the pathophysiology of insomnia.
  • Further understanding of microarousal can lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • This review highlights the clinical relevance of microarousal in managing insomnia.