Infant feeding practices associated with adiposity peak and rebound in the EDEN mother-child cohort
Aurore Camier1, Aminata H Cissé1, Sandrine Lioret1
1Université de Paris, INSERM, INRAE, CRESS, F-75004, Paris, France.
Insights
Infant feeding practices influence early growth markers like adiposity peak and rebound, with effects varying by child sex. Breastfeeding duration impacts girls’ adiposity peak timing, while complementary feeding timing affects boys’ adiposity rebound.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Human Growth and Development
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- High adiposity peak and early adiposity rebound are risk factors for adult obesity.
- Infant diet is a key modifiable factor influencing early growth trajectories.
- Understanding infant feeding's role in growth is crucial for obesity prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between infant feeding practices and the timing and magnitude of adiposity peak and rebound.
- To investigate potential sex differences in these associations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the French EDEN mother-child cohort (n=1225).
- Collected infant feeding data (breastfeeding, complementary feeding) at multiple time points.
- Modeled individual growth curves up to 12 years to estimate adiposity peak and rebound.
- Employed multivariable linear regression, testing for child-sex interactions.
Main Results:
- Adiposity peak occurred around 9.9 months; adiposity rebound around 5.5 years.
- Associations were moderated by child sex.
- For girls, longer breastfeeding increased age at adiposity peak.
- For boys, later complementary feeding increased age at adiposity rebound.
Conclusions:
- Child sex significantly modifies the relationship between infant feeding and growth patterns.
- Breastfeeding's impact on early growth appears stronger in girls.
- Complementary feeding timing in boys offers potential insights for obesity prevention strategies.
Background/Objective:
High magnitude of adiposity peak and early adiposity rebound are early risk markers of later obesity. Infant diet represents one of the main modifiable determinants of early growth. This study aimed to investigate the association between infant feeding practices and age and magnitude of adiposity peak and rebound.
Subjects/Methods:
Analyses were based on data from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Data on breastfeeding and complementary feeding were collected at birth and 4, 8, and 12 months. From clinical examinations and measurements collected in the child's health booklet up to 12 years, individual growth curves were modeled, and ages and magnitudes of adiposity peak and rebound were estimated. Associations between infant feeding practices and growth were investigated by multivariable linear regression in children after testing a child-sex interaction.
Results:
In the studied population (n = 1225), adiposity peak occurred at a mean of 9.9 ± 2 months and adiposity rebound at 5.5 ± 1.4 years. Associations between infant feeding practices and adiposity peak or rebound were moderated by child sex. For girls, each additional month of breastfeeding was related to a 2-day increase in the age at adiposity peak (p < 0.001), and an 18-day increase in the age at adiposity peak (p = 0.004). Whereas for boys, each additional month for the age at complementary food introduction was associated with a 29-day increase in the age at adiposity rebound (p = 0.02). For boys, long breastfeeding duration was only related to reduced body mass index at adiposity peak.
Conclusions:
Child sex has a moderating effect on the association between infant feeding practices and adiposity peak or rebound. The well-known association between breastfeeding duration and early growth seems stronger in girls than boys. The association found for complementary feeding in boys may give new insights into preventing obesity.
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