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Simulating grazing beef and sheep systems.

L Wu1, P Harris1, T H Misselbrook1

  • 1Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Devon EX20 2SB, UK.

Agricultural Systems
|January 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new model simulates ruminant livestock production, predicting animal growth, greenhouse gas emissions, and nutrient cycling. This tool helps assess sustainable grazing strategies and their environmental impacts.

Keywords:
GrazingLiveweightModellingNorth Wyke Farm PlatformSPACSYS

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Ruminant livestock are crucial for global food security, converting inedible feed into protein.
  • Increasing global demand necessitates sustainable production systems focusing on efficiency, quality, and welfare.
  • Predictive models are essential for analyzing complex systems and their responses to environmental and management factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a dynamic, process-based framework for modeling grazing systems.
  • To integrate animal and grass growth, nutrient cycling, and water redistribution.
  • To account for genotype, climate, and feed effects on production and environmental impact.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and integrated a ruminant animal growth component into the SPACSYS model.
  • Simulated herbage/concentrate intake and energy/protein partitioning.
  • Validated simulated growth with liveweight data from over 1100 beef cattle and lambs.
  • Modeled annual greenhouse gas emissions (N2O, NH3, CH4, CO2) using validated parameters.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately simulated liveweight gain in beef cattle and lambs.
  • Simulated nitrogen (N) cycling indicated significant N removal (37-61%) and losses (15-26% runoff/drainage, 1.14% N2O emission).
  • Ammonia volatilization accounted for approximately 13% of applied manure and excreta N.

Conclusions:

  • The extended SPACSYS model can simulate liveweight gain and N cycling in grazing systems.
  • The model provides a valuable tool for investigating management and grazing strategy impacts.
  • Further validation is needed for multi-species swards, including species dynamics and grazing selection.