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[Anaphylaxis and COVID-19 vaccines]
M Castells1, P Demoly2,3,4, L K Tanno2,3,4
1Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, États-Unis.
Revue Francaise D'Allergologie (2009)
|January 4, 2022
Summary
Anaphylaxis after COVID-19 vaccination is rare, occurring at 2.5-11 cases per million. Early recognition and treatment with epinephrine are crucial for managing reactions and enabling safe re-vaccination for most individuals.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Context:
- COVID-19 vaccines are critical global health tools.
- Anaphylactic reactions are a rare but reported adverse event following SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccination.
- Vaccine safety surveillance programs are essential for monitoring severe adverse reactions.
Purpose:
- To assess the incidence and characteristics of anaphylaxis following COVID-19 vaccination.
- To provide guidance on the recognition, treatment, and management of anaphylaxis in vaccinated individuals.
- To reinforce confidence in the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.
Summary:
- Anaphylaxis risk post-COVID-19 vaccination is estimated at 2.5-11 per million, with polyethylene glycol implicated in rare instances.
- Immediate treatment with epinephrine is effective, and most patients, including those with a history of allergies, can be safely re-vaccinated with pre-medication.
- Recognizing at-risk populations, such as individuals with allergy histories or mast cell activation diseases, is vital for personalized care.
Impact:
- Ensuring continued public trust and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination programs.
- Guiding healthcare providers in the immediate management of anaphylactic reactions.
- Highlighting the critical role of allergists in managing rare vaccine complications and facilitating re-vaccination strategies.
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