Factors mediating exercise-induced organ crosstalk.
Rugivan Sabaratnam1,2, Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski3, Kurt Højlund1,2
1Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|January 4, 2022
Summary
Regular exercise triggers beneficial metabolic effects by activating signaling pathways. Skeletal muscle releases myokines and other tissues release exerkines, mediating communication between organs for improved health.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Molecular biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Exercise induces systemic metabolic benefits by activating numerous pathways in skeletal muscle and other organs.
- Skeletal muscle acts as an endocrine organ, releasing signaling molecules called myokines.
- Other tissues also release signaling molecules in response to exercise, collectively termed exerkines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of exercise-induced molecules in mediating tissue crosstalk.
- To highlight the communication between skeletal muscle and other organs during exercise.
- To discuss the involvement of myokines, exerkines, and extracellular vesicles in exercise adaptations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on exercise-induced signaling molecules.
- Analysis of research on myokines, exerkines, and extracellular vesicles.
- Focus on molecular mechanisms of inter-organ communication during physical activity.
Main Results:
- Exercise activates complex signaling networks involving myokines and exerkines.
- Extracellular vesicles play a role in transporting exercise-induced signals.
- These molecules facilitate communication between skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and other organs.
Conclusions:
- Exercise-released factors are crucial for systemic metabolic adaptations.
- Understanding exerkine and myokine signaling can lead to new therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases.
- Targeting these pathways may offer novel approaches for disease prevention and treatment.
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