Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

292
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
292
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

56.1K
Overview
56.1K
Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria01:29

Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria

3.6K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
3.6K
Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

214
Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
214
Bacterial Phylum Planctomycetes01:26

Bacterial Phylum Planctomycetes

124
Planctomycetes are a group of morphologically distinct bacteria predominantly classified into two orders: Planctomycetales and Brocadiales. These gram-negative bacteria exhibit unique features, including division by budding and the presence of stalks or appendages. Their cells are often found in rosette arrangements, and they are notable for possessing an S-layer in their cell envelope, which is relatively uncommon among bacteria. Additionally, Planctomycetes frequently exhibit intracellular...
124
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

17.7K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

New Species of <i>Kronosvirus</i> Bacteriophages That Infect <i>Caulobacter</i> Strain CBR1.

Viruses·2026
Same author

Management of Abdominal Crohn's Disease.

The Surgical clinics of North America·2025
Same author

Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee, 2025.

The Journal of general virology·2025
Same author

<i>Dolichocephalovirinae</i> Phages Exist as Episomal Pseudolysogens Across Diverse Soil Bacteria.

Microorganisms·2025
Same author

Teaching health disparities in vascular surgery training programs.

Seminars in vascular surgery·2025
Same author

AhR-Dependent Induction of β-Defensin 1 in Colonic Epithelial Cells Regulates Cross-Talk between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response Leading to Attenuation of Colitis.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same journal

Promoter Engineering of the Surfactin Operon Enhances Surfactin Production in the Environmental Strain Bacillus subtilis RI4914.

Current microbiology·2026
Same journal

Staphylococcus aureus CC398 Lineage of the Human Clade Isolated from Bloodstream Infection and Colonization and Spread among Brazilian Patients Hospitalized during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Current microbiology·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of the Immunogenicity of an Inactivated Vaccine against the Adenovirus Egg Drop Syndrome 1976 in Poultry.

Current microbiology·2026
Same journal

Sphingomonas chlorellae sp. nov., Isolated from Outdoor Photobioreactor Culturing Chlorella sp. HS2 with Soy Sauce Wastewater.

Current microbiology·2026
Same journal

Imported Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in India: Diagnosis and Treatment with Implications for Kala Azar Elimination.

Current microbiology·2026
Same journal

Integrated Screening and Antifungal Potential of Microalgae Extracts Against Botrytis californica.

Current microbiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions
08:29

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions

Published on: October 31, 2013

13.7K

Plasmids Bring Additional Capabilities to Caulobacter Isolates.

Taylor Carter1,2, Bert Ely3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA. Carterth@email.sc.edu.

Current Microbiology
|January 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified nine plasmids in wild Caulobacter strains. One plasmid, CB4, confers significant copper resistance through heavy metal resistance genes, enhancing bacterial survival in copper-rich environments.

More Related Videos

Synchronization of Caulobacter Crescentus for Investigation of the Bacterial Cell Cycle
08:02

Synchronization of Caulobacter Crescentus for Investigation of the Bacterial Cell Cycle

Published on: April 8, 2015

12.0K
The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli
12:48

The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli

Published on: February 5, 2015

12.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions
08:29

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions

Published on: October 31, 2013

13.7K
Synchronization of Caulobacter Crescentus for Investigation of the Bacterial Cell Cycle
08:02

Synchronization of Caulobacter Crescentus for Investigation of the Bacterial Cell Cycle

Published on: April 8, 2015

12.0K
The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli
12:48

The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli

Published on: February 5, 2015

12.2K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial genetics
  • Plasmid biology

Background:

  • The bacterial genus Caulobacter is extensively studied, yet its plasmids remain largely uncharacterized in wild isolates.
  • Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA elements that can confer advantageous traits to bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize plasmids from wild Caulobacter strains.
  • To investigate the functional roles of identified plasmids, particularly regarding metabolic enhancement and heavy metal resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis was employed to identify nine plasmids across seven Caulobacter strains.
  • Plasmids were grouped based on genetic similarity (repABC, parAB, mobAB genes).
  • Protein pathway analysis and growth assays were conducted to assess plasmid functions.

Main Results:

  • Nine plasmids were identified and categorized based on genetic markers.
  • Plasmids K31p1 and K31p2 possess genes associated with enhanced metabolic pathways.
  • Plasmid CB4 harbors 21 heavy metal resistance genes, predominantly conferring copper resistance.
  • Growth assays confirmed increased copper resistance in C. henricii CB4, with upregulated heavy metal gene expression upon copper induction.

Conclusions:

  • Wild Caulobacter strains harbor diverse plasmids with varying functional capacities.
  • The CB4 plasmid significantly enhances copper resistance in Caulobacter, highlighting the role of plasmids in bacterial adaptation to metal-rich environments.