Comparison of Isocaloric and Hypercaloric Diet in Undernourished Patients

To determine efficacies of fiber-containing isocaloric and hypercaloric enteral supplements generally used to treat undernutrition.

Retrospective cohort study.

Department of Pediatrics, Sanliurfa Halfeti State Hospital, Turkey from September 2019 to June 2020.

Pediatric patients aged 1-19 years were diagnosed solely with primary undernutrition, were given fiber containing isocaloric or hypercaloric enteral supplements for six months based on their energy requirements. A comparative analysis of anthropometrical data was made with each formula. The analysis included baseline weight, height, BMI of patients, and important micro-nutrient levels at three and six months after intervention.

BMI, weight and height z-scores (p <0.001) were improved over six months. There were no differences in BMI and weight scores except for a significant improvement in height between baseline and third month, which was observed in patients who received hypercaloric formula unlike isocolaric formula. There was a two-tailed improvement in blood biochemistry values of both groups.

Both isocaloric and hypercaloric supplementation had positive effects on anthropometry and blood biochemistry. These results show that both formulae are highly beneficial for children with primary undernutrition. Key Words: Pediatrics, Body mass index, Therapeutics, Gastroenterology, Undernutrition.