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Assessing neo-natal mortality trends in Pakistan: an insight using equity lens
1Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Archives of Public Health = Archives Belges De Sante Publique
|January 5, 2022
Summary
Neonatal mortality in Pakistan shows persistent inequities across wealth quintiles and regions. Despite slight declines, significant disparities in infant survival remain, highlighting vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Demography
- Health Equity Research
Background:
- Globally, 2.5 million neonates died in 2017, representing half of all under-five deaths.
- Neonatal mortality decline lags behind overall child mortality reduction.
- Health inequalities persist across wealth, ethnicity, and geography, fueling neonatal mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify wealth-based and residence-based inequalities in neonatal mortality trends in Pakistan.
- To provide province-wise segregation of these health inequities.
Main Methods:
- Utilized raw data from three Pakistan Demographic & Health Surveys (2006-07, 2012-13, 2017-18).
- Employed concentration curves plotted in Microsoft Excel 365.
- Calculated frequencies using SPSS 24.
Main Results:
- A slight decline in inter-provincial and rural-urban inequities was observed.
- Gross inequities in neonatal mortality persist across Pakistan.
Conclusions:
- Presenting neonatal mortality data by wealth quintile effectively highlights income-based inequities.
- Identifying vulnerable and at-risk groups is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Similar approaches can reveal disparities in other countries based on rural-urban or ethnic factors.
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