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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
73
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

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A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
64
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

148
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Rhythm disturbances following rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement.

Amalan Thuraisingam1, Andrew E Newcomb1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

JTCVS Techniques
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement can cause conduction disturbances. While new left bundle branch block is common post-procedure, persistent issues and pacemaker needs are comparable to other devices.

Keywords:
AV, atrioventricularAVR, aortic valve replacementCABG, coronary artery bypass graftingCHB, complete heart blockCPB, cardiopulmonary bypassECG, electrocardiogramEIV, Edwards Intuity EliteEdwards Intuity Elite valveHB, heart blockLBBB, left bundle branch blockPPM, permanent pacemakerRBBB, right bundle branch blockRDAVRRDAVR, rapid deployment of aortic valve replacementSR, sinus rhythmSVHM, St Vincent's Hospital MelbourneTAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantationaortic valve replacementelectrocardiogram

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Postoperative conduction disturbances after rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement (RDAVR) have been reported.
  • Assessing electrocardiogram (ECG) changes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ECG changes in patients undergoing RDAVR.
  • To review existing literature on conduction abnormalities following RDAVR.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 97 patients who underwent RDAVR.
  • ECG data analyzed at baseline, 5 days, and 6 weeks postoperatively.
  • Pacemaker status recorded.

Main Results:

  • 18.6% developed new left bundle branch block (LBBB) at 5 days; 4.1% had persistent LBBB at 6 weeks.
  • No significant changes in atrial fibrillation, first-degree heart block, or right bundle branch block.
  • 14.4% required permanent pacemaker implantation.

Conclusions:

  • RDAVR is associated with rhythm disturbances and conduction abnormalities.
  • These findings are comparable to other RDAVR bioprostheses.
  • Sub-annular stent frame and implantation technique may contribute to abnormalities.