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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

An Optimized Hemagglutination Inhibition HI Assay to Quantify Influenza-specific Antibody Titers
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COVID-19: vaccination vs. hospitalization.

Oguz Uzun1,2, Tekin Akpolat3, Ayhan Varol4

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. oguzuzun67@yahoo.com.tr.

Infection
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced hospitalizations. A booster dose, particularly BioNTech after two Sinovac doses, enhanced protection, suggesting vaccination is key to controlling the pandemic.

Keywords:
BioNTechCOVID-19 pandemicCOVID-19 vaccineSinoVac

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic control relies heavily on vaccination.
  • Vaccination rates globally remain below optimal levels, necessitating studies on vaccine effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the vaccination status of hospitalized patients.
  • To compare the effectiveness of two different COVID-19 booster vaccine protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter study involving 1401 patients hospitalized between August 1-10, 2021, across 25 hospitals in 16 cities.
  • Patients were categorized into eight groups based on vaccination status, including unvaccinated, two doses of Sinovac, and various booster combinations.
  • Data collection focused on hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half (47.8%) of hospitalized patients were unvaccinated; 32.9% had received two doses of Sinovac.
  • Hospitalizations were lower in patients who received two Sinovac doses followed by a BioNTech booster compared to those who received three Sinovac doses.
  • 37.7% of all patients required intensive care unit admission.

Conclusions:

  • Effective COVID-19 vaccination strategies are crucial for reducing hospitalizations.
  • While the efficacy of two Sinovac doses may wane, a booster dose, especially with BioNTech, can enhance protection.
  • The study highlights the importance of vaccination and suggests potential strategies to encourage uptake among unvaccinated individuals.