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Priming effects in soils across Europe.

José A Siles1, Marta Díaz-López1, Alfonso Vera1

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Land use significantly impacts soil carbon cycling. Priming effect (PE) was less negative in croplands than natural ecosystems, driven by soil microbial activity and carbon content differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Land use change is a major driver of global soil carbon (C) cycle alterations.
  • The priming effect (PE), CO2 emissions from altered soil organic matter decomposition due to fresh carbon inputs, is a poorly understood aspect of C cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the priming effect (PE) in European soils under different land uses.
  • To compare PE magnitude across various crop types and between croplands and semi-natural ecosystems.
  • To model environmental factors influencing soil PE.

Main Methods:

  • A continental-scale experiment involving 13C-glucose additions to 126 soils from European croplands and semi-natural areas.
  • Incubation of soils for 35 days to measure CO2 emissions and assess PE.
  • Statistical modeling to identify environmental drivers of PE.

Main Results:

  • Priming effects were predominantly negative in both semi-natural (median = -11 µg C g-1) and cropland soils (median = -4.3 µg C g-1).
  • PE was significantly less negative in croplands compared to semi-natural ecosystems.
  • Soil basal respiration, microbial biomass C, and soil organic C were higher in semi-natural ecosystems, influencing PE.

Conclusions:

  • Land use intensity is a key determinant of soil priming effect magnitude.
  • Differences in microbial activity and carbon pools between land uses explain variations in PE.
  • Understanding PE is crucial for predicting soil carbon dynamics under changing land management.