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Gut microbiome-immune system interaction in reptiles.

Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui1, Sutherland K Maciver2, Naveed Ahmed Khan3

  • 1College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

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Reptile gut microbes and their metabolites may explain their long lives and hardiness. Studying these ancient defense systems could lead to new human therapies for health and disease resistance.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • * Zoology and Microbiology: Investigating reptilian biology and the gut microbiome.
  • * Immunology and Aging: Exploring the interplay between the gut microbiome and host immunity in longevity.

Background:

  • * Reptiles are ectothermic amniotes with remarkable longevity, often exceeding 100 years.
  • * They inhabit diverse environments, facing exposure to pathogens, radiation, and heavy metals.
  • * The gut microbiome's role in host health is increasingly recognized across species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the reptilian gut microbiome's composition and its contribution to host longevity and hardiness.
  • * To investigate the cross-talk between the reptilian immune system and gut microbiota.
  • * To identify potential therapeutic applications derived from reptilian defense mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of existing literature on reptilian gut microbiome, immunity, and longevity.
  • * Analysis of preliminary studies on the properties of reptilian gut microbes and their metabolites.
  • * Discussion of genomic and epigenomic data relevant to reptilian resilience.

Main Results:

  • * Reptilian gut flora, including that of crocodiles and tortoises, shows significant anticancer and antibacterial properties.
  • * Novel gut bacterial metabolites and antimicrobial peptides have been identified in reptiles.
  • * The gut microbiome and immune system interplay is crucial for reptilian health and disease resistance.

Conclusions:

  • * The reptilian gut microbiome and its metabolites are key factors in their longevity and robustness.
  • * Understanding these mechanisms can inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies for human health.
  • * Reptilian ancient defense systems offer a promising avenue for biomedical research and application.