Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

139
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
139
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

3.3K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
3.3K
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

72
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
72
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

131
Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
131
Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

1.1K
Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
1.1K
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

4.5K
The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hypertension in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a position paper from the European Society of Hypertension working group on small arteries. Part A: pathophysiology, prevalence and cardiovascular risk estimation.

Journal of hypertension·2026
Same author

Hypertension in autoimmune rheumatic diseases - a position paper from the European Society of Hypertension working group on small arteries. Part B: Recommendations for the clinical management of hypertension.

Journal of hypertension·2026
Same author

BET-induced metabolic reprogramming fuels inflammation at the vascular-fat interface in mice and patients with cardiometabolic disease.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

The cardiometabolic grey zone in young adults: clinical thresholds, cumulative exposure, and long-term cardiovascular risk.

European journal of preventive cardiology·2026
Same author

The Role of β-Blockers in the Evolving Treatment Landscape of Resistant Hypertension.

Drugs·2026
Same author

Cardiovascular Ageing as a unified construct: Are we there yet?

European journal of preventive cardiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.3K

Microcirculation and Macrocirculation in Hypertension: A Dangerous Cross-Link?

Stephane Laurent1,2,3, Claudia Agabiti-Rosei4, Rosa Maria Bruno1,2,3

  • 1Université de Paris, France (S.L., R.M.B.).

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hypertension damages small arteries, increasing blood pressure and large artery stiffness. Certain medications like ACE inhibitors can reverse this dangerous cycle, improving cardiovascular and organ health.

Keywords:
blood pressurecompliancemicrocirculationpressure pulsatilitypulse wave analysis

More Related Videos

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
05:41

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

Published on: January 29, 2013

16.4K
Visualizing Leukocyte Rolling and Adhesion in Angiotensin II-Infused Mice: Techniques and Pitfalls
10:16

Visualizing Leukocyte Rolling and Adhesion in Angiotensin II-Infused Mice: Techniques and Pitfalls

Published on: January 4, 2018

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.3K
Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
05:41

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

Published on: January 29, 2013

16.4K
Visualizing Leukocyte Rolling and Adhesion in Angiotensin II-Infused Mice: Techniques and Pitfalls
10:16

Visualizing Leukocyte Rolling and Adhesion in Angiotensin II-Infused Mice: Techniques and Pitfalls

Published on: January 4, 2018

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension involves interconnected microcirculation and macrocirculation damage.
  • Small artery abnormalities (functional and structural) increase peripheral resistance and blood pressure.
  • Large artery stiffening exacerbates central pressures and pulsatility, worsening small artery damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the vicious circle between microcirculation and macrocirculation in hypertension.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different drug classes in reversing this cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microvascular and macrovascular interactions in hypertension.
  • Comparative analysis of pharmacological interventions targeting hypertension.

Main Results:

  • ACE inhibitors, sartans, and calcium channel blockers are more effective than beta-blockers and diuretics.
  • These agents reduce arterial stiffness and small artery remodeling.
  • They also improve left ventricular hypertrophy, kidney function, and cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension involves a detrimental feedback loop between small and large arteries.
  • ACE inhibitors, sartans, and calcium channel blockers offer superior benefits beyond blood pressure reduction.
  • These drugs effectively break the micro/macrocirculation vicious circle, improving organ outcomes.