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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

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Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages (MDM): Model 1 (GM-CSF).

Claudia Alteri1,2, Lorenzo Piermatteo3, Francesca Ceccherini Silberstein3

  • 1Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Monocytes and macrophages are key in HIV spread and reservoirs. This study presents a method to culture and infect human monocyte-derived macrophages, aiding research into HIV reservoirs and viral production during treatment.

Keywords:
Cell cultureGM-CSFHIVMDMMonocytes/macrophagesReservoir

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Monocytes and macrophages are crucial in HIV transmission, spread, and serve as viral reservoirs.
  • There is renewed interest in understanding monocyte subsets and macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and their role in establishing persistent viral reservoirs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop sensitive and specific techniques for measuring the impact of monocytes/macrophages on the "hard-core" HIV reservoir.
  • To assess the capacity of these cells to produce low-level virus during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Main Methods:

  • Presents a protocol for cell culture of human monocyte-derived macrophages.
  • Utilizes granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for monocyte differentiation.
  • Involves HIV-1 infection of these differentiated macrophages.

Main Results:

  • A detailed protocol for culturing and infecting human monocyte-derived macrophages with HIV-1 is provided.
  • This method allows for sensitive and specific measurement of cellular impact on HIV reservoirs.
  • Enables assessment of low-level viral production during cART.

Conclusions:

  • The presented protocol is valuable for studying the role of monocyte-derived macrophages in HIV pathogenesis.
  • It facilitates research into the establishment and maintenance of the "hard-core" HIV reservoir.
  • Aids in understanding viral dynamics and production in macrophages during antiretroviral therapy.